SHAHEEN ENTERPRISE PVT. LTD.

LVD INDUCTION LAMP

What is LVD induction lamp technology?

Thomas Edison is generally credited with the invention of the commercially viable electrical lamp we are familiar with. He was building on work done by early pioneers, where the conversion of electricity to light was demonstrated in laboratories as early as 1801 by Sir Humphrey Davy who is also credited with the invention of the electric arc lamp.

Interestingly, Canadians Henry Woodward and Matthew Evans filed a patent in 1874 for a light bulb which used a carbon filament in a nitrogen atmosphere. They were unsuccessful in commercializing the lamp but caught the interest of Edison who considered this Canadian technology so intriguing, he bought their Canadian and US patents [Canadian Patent CA 3738 and U.S. Patent 181,613] in 1875 for the then princely sum of $5,000 US dollars.

lvd induction light model

Edison continued this line of development and improved upon the Woodward and Evans patent by using a metal filament in a vacuum eventually producing the first practical and commercially successful light bulb in 1880.

Nikola Tesla demonstrated the transfer of power to electrode less incandescent and fluorescent lamps in his lectures and articles in the 1890?s. On 23 June 1891, Tesla was granted US patent 454,622 to cover a very early form of Induction lamp. When looking at the diagrams from Tesla?s lectures and patents, the close similarity to currently available electrode less lamps is striking.

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Magnetic Induction Lamps

Magnetic induction lamps are basically fluorescent lamps with electromagnets wrapped around a part of the tube, or inserted inside the lamp. In external inductor lamps, high frequency energy, from the electronic ballast, is sent through wires, which are wrapped in a coil around the ferrite inductor, creating a powerful magnet.

external iductor lamps

lvd saturn series side view

The induction coil produces a very strong magnetic field which travels through the glass and excites the mercury atoms in the interior which are provided by a pellet of amalgam (a solid form of mercury). The mercury atoms emit UV light and, just as in a fluorescent tube, the UV light is up-converted to visible light by the phosphor coating on the inside of the tube.

The system can be considered as a type of transformer where the inductor is the primary coil while the mercury atoms within the envelope/tube form a single-turn secondary coil.

lvd saturn series side view

In a variation of this technology, a light bulb shaped glass lamp, which has a test-tube like re-entrant central cavity, is coated with phosphors on the interior, filled with inert gas and a pellet of mercury amalgam. The induction coil is wound around a ferrite shaft which is inserted into the central test-tube like cavity.

The inductor is excited by high frequency energy provided by an external electronic ballast causing a magnetic field to penetrate the glass and excite the mercury atoms, which emit UV light, that is converted to visible light by the phosphor coating.

lvd saturn series side view

The external inductor lamps have the advantage that the heat generated by the induction coil assemblies is external to the tube and can be easily dissipated by convention into the air, or conduction into the fixture. The external inductor design lends itself to higher power output lamps which can be rectangular or doughnut shaped. In the internal inductor lamps, the heat generated by the induction coil is emitted inside the lamp body and must cool by conduction to a heat-sink at the lamp base, and by radiation through the glass walls. The internal inductor lamps tend to have a shorter lifespan than the external inductor types due to higher internal operating temperatures. The internal inductor type looks more like a conventional light bulb than the external inductor type lamps which may be more appealing in some applications.

As with conventional fluorescent lamps, varying the composition of the phosphors coated onto the inside of induction lamps, allows for models with different color temperatures. The most common color temperatures of induction lamps are 3500K, 4100K, 5000K and 6500K.

Induction lamps require a correctly matched electronic ballast for proper operation. The ballast takes the incoming mains AC voltage [or DC voltage in the case of 12V and 24V ballasts] and rectifies it to DC. Solid state circuitry then converts this DC current to a very high frequency which is between 2.65 and 13.6 MHz depending on lamp design.

This high frequency is fed to the coil wrapped around the ferrite core of the external or internal inductor. The high frequency creates a strong magnet field in the inductor which couples the energy through the glass walls of the lamp and into the mercury atoms inside the tube.

lvd saturn series side view

The ballasts contain control circuitry which regulates the frequency and current to the induction coil to insure stable operation of the lamp. In addition, the ballasts have a circuit which produces a large ?start pulse? to initially ionize the mercury atoms and thereby start the lamp. The induction lamps do not start at 100% output - they start at between 75% and 80% output. It takes between 60 and 120 seconds for the mercury bearing amalgam in the lamp to heat up and release enough mercury atoms for the lamps to reach 100% light output.

The close regulation of the lamp by the ballast, and the use of microprocessor controlled circuits allows the ballasts to operate at around 98% efficiency. Only around 2% of the energy is wasted in the induction lamp ballast compared to the 10-15% wasted in traditional ?core and coil? type designs used with most high output commercial and industrial lighting.

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The Advantages of Magnetic Induction Lamps

Long lifespan due to the lack of electrodes - between 65,000 and 100,000 hours depending on the lamp model;

Very high energy conversion efficiency of between 62 and 90 Lumens/watt [higher wattage lamps are more energy efficient];

High power factor due to the low loss in high frequency electronic ballasts which are between 95% and 98% efficient;

Minimal Lumen depreciation (declining light output with age) compared to other lamp types as filament evaporation and depletion is absent (see graph below);

?Instant-on? and hot re-strike, unlike most conventional lamps used in commercial/industrial lighting applications (Sodium vapor and Metal Halides);

Environmentally friendly as induction lamps use less energy, and generally use less mercury per hour of operation that conventional lighting due to their long lifespan. The mercury is in a solid form and can be easily recovered if the lamp is broken, or for recycling at end-of-life.

These benefits offer a considerable cost savings of between 35% and 55% in energy and maintenance costs for induction lamps compared to other types of lamps that they replace. In some applications, advanced energy savings technologies incorporated into the fixtures can provide energy savings as high as 75%.

lvd saturn series side view

Benefits of LVD Lights

Operating voltage - LVD induction lamp will not drop out the way that a normal discharge lamp will, even at 100 volts or as high as 280 volts. If it does drop out it will immediately re-strike upon restoration of its operating voltage range.

Flexibility - The LVD induction lamps is available in several configurations and wattages, ranging from 15w, 23w, 40w, 80w, 120w, 200 watt versions.

Color shift - There is none.

Stroboscopic - There is none.

Flicker - there is none.

Power factor correction - 9.98.

lvd saturn series side view